1/21/2024 0 Comments Just shapes and beats scratch![]() ![]() Oedema: typically presents as swelling of the limbs (e.g.Hyperpigmentation: a bronzing of the skin associated with haemochromatosis.acute hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, cholangitis, pancreatic cancer). Jaundice: a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and whites of the eyes due to high bilirubin levels (e.g.It should be noted that healthy individuals may have a pale complexion that mimics pallor. gastrointestinal bleeding or malnutrition). Pallor: a pale colour of the skin that can suggest underlying anaemia (e.g. ![]() Abdominal distention: may suggest the presence of ascites or underlying bowel obstruction and/or organomegaly.Obvious scars: may provide clues regarding previous abdominal surgery.Pain: if the patient appears uncomfortable, ask where the pain is and whether they are still happy for you to examine them.Confusion: often a feature of end-stage liver disease, known as hepatic encephalopathy.Age: the patient’s approximate age is helpful when considering the most likely underlying pathology, with younger patients more likely to have diagnoses such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and older patients more likely to have chronic liver disease and malignancy.Inspect the patient from the end of the bed whilst at rest, looking for clinical signs suggestive of underlying pathology: You might also be interested in our premium collection of 1,000+ ready-made OSCE Stations, including a range of clinical examination stations ✨ General inspection Clinical signs ![]()
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